Question about star toplogy?

I am designing a network , each star has 12 nodes. The computers are around the edges of the room. How is it possible for all the cabling to run in in the wall and meet at a switch

What is this called?

First if you have a star configuration with 12 cables, then you must have a switch with 13 or more ports.

The 13th port connects to the router.

Each cable makes a home run back to the switch. It does not matter where the switch is. As long as the switch is the central point.

-tcw

As far as special terms go, I don't think there is one where cables run to the switch, thats just how Star Topologies work. If the ceiling is an office with ceiling panels, you could run the cable up the wall and have it meet together at the switch. Or you could run the cables around the room in one bundle or two bundles.

What you are describing is basic cable installation, there is no real term for it. To install the cables in the wall you have to drop it down the inside of the wall (assuming you have a dropped ceiling office). Once you get it down the wall you cut a hole in the wall and install a wall plate. Here is a video on how to cut the hole in the wall
http://youtube.com/watch?v=PYGO8_KCAtY

Wherever your cables aggregate you will install a patch panel and then patch all the cables over to a switch. Most of the time these are mounted either on wall-mounted or free-standing racks. It is not necessary though.
Here is a video explaining patch panels
http://youtube.com/watch?v=JLeWGY87jYA
And a video explaining how to punch down your RJ45's
http://youtube.com/watch?v=sHy8mtW9eak